The most common culprit is a clogged vent hose or one that's too small for the pump's suction; as a result, not enough air enters the tank to replace the volume of the wastewater being removed. To determine if either of these is the problem, watch the tank (if possible) to see if the sides pull in while pumping. If they do, the tank is under a vacuum. Be careful, as the holding tank could crack or implode!
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The usual cause is a vent line clogged from waste material or at the through-hull where the vent line exits. Many through-hull vents come with stainless-steel screens to keep out spiders and wasps. These may corrode, leaving residue that prevents the tank from breathing. Often, other debris clogs the hole. Check the vent hole in the hull first.
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If the vent hose is clogged, the easiest way to unclog it is to use an electrical snake (the one I keep is plastic and round). Run it down the hose until you've hit the clog. You can gain access inside the boat, preferably where the vent hose connects either to the through-hull fitting or to the top of the tank.
Another issue I've seen is when the tank fills even though you're pumping it out. This is almost always due to an open through-hull at the end of the macerator hose, an arrangement that's illegal in many areas. That through-hull should be locked shut in those areas, unless the Y-valve is locked, so that waste can't go overboard. Most holding tanks sit below the waterline, so when the through-hull and/or Y-valve (if you have one) is open, water can flow backward into the tank while you're pumping it out &#; and at other times, as well.
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